An Exploration of Play in Music Therapy

Catherine Sweeney, 2001

Abstract

This dissertation explores the links between play and music therapy. It examines literature on play and psychoanalysis as well as music therapy literature and correlates theories from each discipline, using case studies as a basis from which to formulate ideas.

It takes as a central thesis the idea that the ability to play is indicative of health and of psychopathology and looks at aspects of play that are lost or limited in different client groups, drawing on examples from clinical work. It gives an overview of the history of play and the development of play therapy. Music therapy in relation to play therapy is discussed and the music therapy literature on play is reviewed.

The aesthetic experience that is part of play forms the basis for the second chapter and the experience of co-improvisation is looked at in those terms. Theories by Winnicott, Bollas and Meares relating to the twofold nature of play are explored in relation to music therapy. The concept that some clients may not be able to appreciate aesthetic experience (and therefore play) due to disturbance in early relationships is introduced. There is a discussion about the role of music therapy in addressing the reasons behind clients' inability to engage in aesthetic experience.

Physical, cognitive and emotional barriers to play are explored in the third chapter through case studies, and the role of music therapy in facilitating play is examined. The role of the therapist as playmate is explored, looking at issues of confidentiality and complicity.

The fourth chapter deals with symbolism in music therapy and discusses the role of the instruments in terms of embodiment and symbolic play. Within the music therapy relationship, the way in which clients interact with instruments is examined as a powerful non-verbal communication of perceived emotional and physical states.

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